Catching squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in its earliest stages dramatically improves outcomes and can prevent disfiguring surgeries or metastatic spread. Learn the key warning signs, self-check strategies, and prevention tips to stay ahead of this common skin cancer.

What Is Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer, arising from the flat, scale-like squamous cells in the epidermis. It most often occurs on sun-exposed areas—face, ears, lips, scalp, shoulders, and hands—and may develop from precancerous lesions known as actinic keratoses

When detected early, SCC is highly curable with minor procedures.

Who’s at Risk?

Ultraviolet (UV) Exposure: Chronic sun or tanning-bed UV damage causes DNA mutations in skin cells, increasing SCC risk.

Fair Skin & Light Eyes: Individuals with lighter pigmentation burn more easily and accumulate more sun injury over time.

Age & Immune Status: SCC incidence rises after age 50, and those on immunosuppressive medications or with certain medical conditions are particularly vulnerable

Early Warning Signs to Watch For

New or Growing Bumps: Any rapidly enlarging bump—especially if scaly or crusted—warrants attention.

Non-Healing Sores: A sore that doesn’t heal within three to four weeks, or that repeatedly reopens, is a red flag.

Thick, Red Patches: Rough, raised patches of skin that may bleed or itch.

Wart-Like Growths or Horns: Firm nodules or horn-shaped protrusions can indicate invasive disease

Monthly Self-Exam: Your First Line of Defense

Find a Well-Lit Space & Full-Length Mirror: Inspect head-to-toe, including scalp, behind ears, under arms, and between toes.

Use a Hand-Held Mirror: Check hard-to-see spots—neck, back, and backside of legs.

Look for “The Big Three” Changes: Anything NEW, CHANGING, or UNUSUAL on your skin demands a professional evaluation

Document & Track: Photograph suspicious lesions monthly to monitor subtle growth or color changes.

When to See a Dermatologist

Persistent Lesions: Sores that bleed, crust over, or fail to heal in 4 weeks.

Rapid Changes: Any lesion that visibly enlarges or changes shape/color in days.

High-Risk Individuals: Immunocompromised patients or those with a history of multiple skin cancers should have yearly (or more frequent) professional skin checks